106urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:dddd9632-2f62-529d-aa08-fcb37c695039Acta Ichthyologica et PiscatoriaAIeP0137-15921734-1515Pensoft Publishers10.3897/aiep.51.6695166951Short CommunicationActinopterygiiOsteichthyesTaxonomyAsiaLife below waterLength–weight relations for 14 fish species (Actinopterygii) from the coastal waters off Gwangyang Bay, South KoreaYuTae-Sik1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1687-2503JoHyunbin2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8064-7880KimDong-Kyun3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-8671KwakIhn-Sil4iskwak@jnu.ac.krhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-3965Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of KoreaInstitute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of KoreaK-water Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
20210909202151326726912CCF245-8238-5A9D-9F09-9B94B17E28A6DE053D9A-C3A9-4B50-BC0B-507C257CEABB1909202021022021Tae-Sik Yu, Hyunbin Jo, Dong-Kyun Kim, Ihn-Sil KwakThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.http://zoobank.org/DE053D9A-C3A9-4B50-BC0B-507C257CEABB
Length–weight relations were estimated for 14 fish species sampled from the coastal waters off the Gwangyang Bay in South Korea. The following species were studied: Okamejeikenojei (Müller et Henle, 1841); Muraenesoxcinereus (Forsskål, 1775); Thryssaadelae (Rutter, 1897); Thryssakammalensis (Bleeker, 1849); Tribolodonhakonensis (Günther, 1877); Inimicusjaponicus (Cuvier, 1829); Chelidonichthysspinosus (McClelland, 1844); Jaydialineata (Temminck et Schlegel, 1842); Sillagojaponica Temminck et Schlegel, 1843; Pholisnebulosa (Temminck et Schlegel, 1845); Favonigobiusgymnauchen (Bleeker, 1860); Pampusechinogaster (Basilewsky, 1855); Cynoglossusjoyneri Günther, 1878; Takifuguniphobles (Jordan et Snyder, 1901).The length–weight relation of Thryssaadelae (Rutter, 1897), (Engraulidae) has not been previously reported. The new maximum total length of Thryssakammalensis (18.0 cm) is now provided. The values of coefficient a ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0218, and the values of exponent b ranged from 2.82 to 3.52.
length–weight relationsmaximum total lengthGwangyang BayThis research was funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea, grant number [NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024314].Introduction
Length–weight relations (LWRs) are generally used to estimate the weight of an organism for a corresponding length, and this can then be applied to determine fish stocks and population assessments such as those involving information regarding the fish growth type and the determination of fish growth conditions (LeCren 1951; Ricker 1968). LWRs data are used for estimating the weight corresponding to a given length and can be affected by many factors including season, habitat area, gonad maturity, sex, diet, stomach fullness, and health (Bagenal and Tesch 1968). Thus, this contribution provides information concerning LWRs of 14 common fish species in the coastal waters of Gwangyang Bay. LWRs data involving Favonigobiusgymnauchen (Bleeker, 1860); Pampusechinogaster (Basilewsky, 1855); and Thryssaadelae (Rutter, 1897) have not been registered in FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2020).
Material and methods
The fishes were collected at four sites from the coastal waters of Gwangyang Bay in South Korea (34°52′07"N, 127°47′50"E; 34°50′34"N, 127°46′56"E; 34°45′43"N, 127°49′31"E; 34°43′7"N, 127°47′41"E) between July 2018 and June 2019 (July, September in 2018; March, June in 2019; 4 times in total). The specimens were caught with small-bottom trawl nets (length 8 m, width 8 m, mesh wing and body 3 cm, mesh liner 1 cm) at the four study sites. The fishes were identified at the species level based on Kim et al. (2005), classified based on Nelson (2006), and validated according to FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2020). Then, they were anesthetized using 0.1 g L–1 ethyl 3-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate salt (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany) before weight determination. Total length and body weight values were measured on site to the nearest 0.1 cm and 0.1 g, respectively. After measurement, fishes were kept in a recovery tank (100 × 100 × 80 cm) for recovery, and subsequently released. LWRs for each species were estimated using the equation:
logW = log a + b log L
where a is the regression intercept and b is the regression slope for the species (Ricker 1973; Anderson and Gutreuter 1983; Jobling 2002). Prior to regression, obvious outliers were removed by the linear regression analysis of the log-transformed data (Froese 2006; Froese et al. 2011). Scientific names and family assignments were assigned based on FishBase designations. All analyses were performed using Sigma Plot 10.0 software (Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, U.S.A.).
Results
LWRs for a total of 573 individuals representing 14 fish species were calculated (Table 1). The following species were studied: Okamejeikenojei (Müller et Henle, 1841); Muraenesoxcinereus (Forsskål, 1775); Thryssaadelae; Thryssakammalensis (Bleeker, 1849); Tribolodonhakonensis (Günther, 1877); Inimicusjaponicus (Cuvier, 1829); Chelidonichthysspinosus (McClelland, 1844); Jaydialineata (Temminck et Schlegel, 1842); Sillagojaponica Temminck et Schlegel, 1843; Pholisnebulosa (Temminck et Schlegel, 1845); Favonigobiusgymnauchen; Pampusechinogaster; Cynoglossusjoyneri Günther, 1878; Takifuguniphobles (Jordan et Snyder, 1901). The number of individuals sampled for a given species ranged from 10 in cases of Tribolodonhakonensis to 141 in the case of Thryssakammalensis. All species exhibited high correlation coefficients for LWRs, with r2 values > 0.950. The values for parameter b ranged from 2.82 to 3.52, and a ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0218. A new maximum total length value of 18.0 cm for Thryssakammalensis is provided herewith as a result of the presently reported study.
Descriptive statistics and estimated parameters of length–weight relations for 16 fish species in the coastal waters off the Gwangyang Bay, South Korea.
Family
Species
FB
n
TL [cm]
W [g]
a
95% CL of a
b
95% CL of b
r2
Rajidae
Okamejeikenojei
1
34
20.3–48.6
48.6–815.7
0.0036
0.0026–0.0048
3.18
3.09–3.27
0.994
Muraenesocidae
Muraenesoxcinereus
2
32
35.5–61.7
50.1–276.9
0.0007
0.0003–0.0015
3.14
2.93–3.35
0.972
Engraulidae
Thryssaadelae
—
17
8.0–13.6
2.0–11.4
0.0030
0.0014–0.0063
3.11
2.80–3.42
0.975
Thryssakammalensis
3
141
8.0–18.0
3.1–36.5
0.0068
0.0051–0.0092
3.04
2.91–3.16
0.955
Cyprinidae
Tribolodonhakonensis
2
10
13.0–38.4
16.5–478.0
0.0074
0.0043–0.0128
3.04
2.87–3.20
0.994
Scorpaenidae
Inimicusjaponicus
2
16
4.0–27.5
0.8–420.5
0.0041
0.0022–0.0076
3.52
3.31–3.73
0.989
Triglidae
Chelidonichthysspinosus
2
37
11.3–29.1
11.7–204.5
0.0053
0.0040–0.0071
3.17
3.08–3.26
0.993
Apogonidae
Jaydialineata
1
86
4.0–14.8
0.8–40.0
0.0218
0.0181–0.0261
2.82
2.73–2.91
0.985
Sillaginidae
Sillagojaponica
1
38
10.0–18.3
7.5–49.3
0.0085
0.0062–0.0116
2.95
2.84–3.06
0.990
Pholidae
Pholisnebulosa
2
13
4.0–27.5
0.1–106.8
0.0013
0.0010–0.0015
3.42
3.31–3.53
0.998
Gobiidae
Favonigobiusgymnauchen
1
26
3.5–7.4
0.4–3.5
0.0061
0.0037–0.0100
3.11
2.81–3.40
0.955
Stromateidae
Pampusechinogaster
—*
43
8.9–21.5
12.9–140.2
0.0175
0.0103–0.0299
3.12
2.91–3.38
0.951
Cynoglossidae
Cynoglossusjoyneri
6
67
10.3–28.9
12.5–99.6
0.0053
0.0034–0.0084
2.98
2.82–3.13
0.964
Tetraodontidae
Takifuguniphobles
2
13
8.0–15.9
9.1–83.3
0.0131
0.0087–0.0200
3.19
3.02–3.36
0.992
n = number of individuals, TL = total length, W = weight, a = intercept, 95% CI of a = 95% confidence intervals of a, 95% CI of b = 95% confidence intervals of b; r2 = correlation coefficient; FB = the number of LWR data in FishBase (Froese and Pauly 2020); Bold prints denotes the newly recorded maximum total length (In reference to FishBase accessed on 26 June 2020); *published (Wu et al. 2018) but not yet registered in FishBase.
Discussion
Our data provided LWR parameters for 14 fish species from the coastal waters of Gwangyang Bay in South Korea. The b values ranged from 2.82 for Jaydialineata to 3.52 for Inimicusjaponicus. Our study provided the first LWR records for Thryssaadelae. The values identified for the LWR parameters may be explained by other factors, including gender, gonadal maturity, abiotic variables (e.g., temperature, hydrodynamics), or food availability (Araújo and Vicentini 2001; Froese 2006). The value of parameter a is indicative of the body shape of fish (Froese 2006); in this study, the fish exhibited a mixture of two morphological forms: Okamejeikenojei was eel-like and elongated; Inimicusjaponicus was elongated and fusiform; and Takifuguniphobles was short and deep. Values of parameter a for Pampusechinogaster ranged from 0.0103 to 0.0299, which is a newly reported finding in this study. It is anticipated that our LWR results will contribute to fisheries management through future research.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the National Research Foundation of Korea, grant number NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024314.
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