Latest Articles from Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria Latest 3 Articles from Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria https://aiep.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 13:34:49 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://aiep.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria https://aiep.pensoft.net/ TNF-Α, IL-6, HSP-70, fish growth hormone, and growth performance of sea trout, Salmo trutta (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) after long-term dietary administration of β-glucan and BGN-2 https://aiep.pensoft.net/article/113220/ Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 53: 253-261

DOI: 10.3897/aiep.53.113220

Authors: Olga Revina, Vjačeslavs Revins, Dina Cīrule, Anda Valdovska

Abstract: The presently reported study intended to examine the effect of the oral administration of an immunomodulator β-glucan and β-glucan-containing product (BGN-2) on the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fish heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), and fish growth hormone (GH) as well as growth performance of cultured sea trout juveniles. The sea trout is a migratory sea-run brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758. The fish (total of 15 000) were divided into four experimental and one control group including control (consisting of basal diet) (D1); basal diet + 1 g kg–1 β-glucan (D2); basal diet + 3 g kg–1 β-glucan (D3); basal diet + 6 g kg–1 BGN-2 (D4); basal diet + 14 g kg–1 BGN-2 (D5). The fish fed D4 and D5 diets showed significantly higher IL-6, HSP-70, and GH expression levels than other treatments (P < 0.05). Sea trout fed D4 and D5 diets showed significant improvements in growth performance compared to the fish fed the control diet. In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary supplementation with the product BGN-2 provides great immunostimulation and could be used as an effective measure to improve growth performance in juvenile sea trout.

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Research Article Thu, 14 Dec 2023 08:34:00 +0200
A treatise about reliability in dating events of evolutionary history of brown trout Salmo cf. trutta (Actinopterygii) at Western Balkans: Impassable barriers, isolation of populations and assistance of geological timeframe https://aiep.pensoft.net/article/97702/ Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 53: 1-18

DOI: 10.3897/aiep.53.97702

Authors: Ana Marić, Danica Srećković Batoćanin, Dubravka Škraba Jurlina, Miloš Brkušanin, Jelena Karanović, Tamara Kanjuh, Vera Nikolić, Danilo Mrdak, Predrag Simonović

Abstract: A pool of data already existing about D-loop, i.e., the Control Region (CR) haplotypes of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758, tentative Adriatic trout Salmo farioides Karaman, 1938, and tentative Macedonian trout, Salmo macedonicus (Karaman, 1924), and their reconstructed phylogeography makes a good starting point for resolving their evolutionary history. That includes the dating of particular events in it. The events have hitherto been dated using the method of a molecular clock. Various calibrations were applied for the mutation rate, owing to the incongruence between the time of divergence that various authors notified and general knowledge about events in geological history and the periods in which they occurred in the Mediterranean region. Since geological history events were mandatory for setting the scene for the evolutionary history of brown trout, the incongruence between them has questioned the molecular clock calibration’s validity. From results about both the phylogeography and phylogenetic relations between native haplotypes (both partial and whole CR sequences) and the population genetics that characterized particular populations, we calculated the time of divergence between haplotypes in the regions of the western part of the Balkans: Iron Gate broader area in eastern Serbia, continental Montenegro and south-eastern Serbia. The distinct status of adjacent populations was verified by frequencies of microsatellites’ alleles and the STRUCTURE analysis that examined the significance of differences between them. In particular, we examined the populations that were clearly separated either by physical barriers, such as a waterfall in eastern Serbia (e.g., the upper and lower River Rečka supplemented by nearby rivers Vratna and Zamna), or by underground drops in Montenegro (e.g., upper and lower River Zeta, and rivers Nožica and lower River Mrtvica as isolated counterparts). We used the so far most common substitution rate of 1% in a million years’ (MY) period. The divergence times we obtained were compared to the events known for the region from available geological history data. There was a fairly good congruence between the dating obtained by the molecular clock method and that by geological history where the advanced, i.e., modern haplotypes, were concerned. In contrast, the congruence was worse for dating of divergence when more ancient haplotypes were in question, being much better if the mutational rate would be decreased to lower rates. That supported results both from the Rate Correlation Test about the independence of evolutionary rates in different lineages of brown trout, and from the Molecular Clock Test, which revealed that the evolutionary rate throughout the phylogenetic tree is not equal. That implies a difference in the speed of evolution in them, which was likely slower and faster, in the ancient, pre-Pleistocene haplotypes and the advanced, Pleistocene ones, respectively. The setting of the variable, or non-linear (i.e., logarithmic) speed of evolving seems helpful, since the early cladogenesis with the dominance of mutations was most likely combined afterwards with the acting of other evolutionary mechanisms, especially of genetic drift in populations that passed through the bottleneck episodes of the abrupt decrease in population size during the unfavourable periods of their evolutionary history.

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Research Article Mon, 27 Feb 2023 18:13:50 +0200
Length–weight relations of ten freshwater fish species (Actinopterygii) from Abashiri River basin, eastern Hokkaido, Japan https://aiep.pensoft.net/article/81301/ Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 52(2): 95-99

DOI: 10.3897/aiep.52.81301

Authors: Atsuya Yamamoto, Kota Tabata, Tomohiro Fukushige, Takuya Inoue, Hiroaki Furutsu, Michihisa Hiroya, Minoru Kanaiwa

Abstract: Length–weight relations (LWRs) were estimated for ten freshwater fish species such as gin-buna, Carassius langsdorfii Temminck et Schlegel, 1846; lake minnow, Rhynchocypris percnura (Pallas, 1814); Siberian loach, Barbatula toni (Dybowski, 1869); Japanese smelt, Hypomesus nipponensis McAllister, 1963; masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou (Brevoort, 1856); rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792); whitespotted char, Salvelinus leucomaenis (Pallas, 1814); ninespine stickleback, Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758); hana-kajika, Cottus nozawae Synder, 1911; and a species of goby Rhinogobius sp. Specimens were collected once a month except in the snow season from the Abashiri River basin, eastern Hokkaido, between June 2007 and November 2011. Fishes were captured by an electrofishing device (Smith–Root Inc., Model 12-b). The estimated allometric coefficient b values ranged from 2.790 (ninespine stickleback) to 3.294 (hana-kajika), and r2 values ranged from 0.772 (lake minnow) to 0.994 (goby). All the LWRs were highly significant, with P < 0.001. Besides, the study provides the first estimates of LWRs for the Siberian loach, Japanese smelt, masu salmon, whitespotted char, hana-kajika, and the goby.

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Short Communication Tue, 12 Apr 2022 14:44:07 +0300